![]() Fanon was educated in Lyon, where he also studied literature, drama and philosophy, sometimes attending Merleau-Ponty's lectures. Fanon stayed long enough to complete his baccalaureate and then went to France, where he studied medicine and psychiatry. He worked for the parliamentary campaign of Césaire. During the war, Fanon was exposed to more white European racism. Later, they were transferred to Normandy to await repatriation. Fanon and his fellow Afro-Caribbean soldiers were sent to Toulon (Provence). When the Nazis were defeated and Allied forces crossed the Rhine into Germany along with photojournalists, Fanon's regiment was "bleached" of all non-white soldiers. He was later transferred to an army base on the coast of Algeria. He enlisted in the Free French army and joined an Allied convoy that reached Casablanca. The abuse of the Martinique people by the French Navy influenced Fanon, reinforcing his feelings of alienation and his disgust with colonial racism.įanon left Martinique in 1943, when he was 18 years old, in order to join the Free French forces. Residents made many complaints of harassment and sexual misconduct by the sailors. In the face of economic distress and isolation under the blockade, they instituted an oppressive regime Fanon described them as taking off their masks and behaving like "authentic racists". Forced to remain on the island, French sailors took over the government from the Martinique people and established a collaborationist Vichy regime. They could afford the fees for the Lycée Schoelcher, at the time the most prestigious high school in Martinique, where Fanon came to admire one of the school's teachers, poet, and writer Aimé Césaire.Īfter France fell to the Nazis in 1940, Vichy French naval troops were blockaded on Martinique. His family was socioeconomically middle-class. Two of them died young, including his sister Gabrielle with whom Frantz was very close. ![]() Frantz was the third of four sons in a family of eight children. His mother, Eléanore Médélice, was Afro-Martinique and white-Alsatian descent and worked as a shopkeeper. His father, Félix Casimir Fanon, was a descendant of African slaves and worked as a customs agent. Frantz Omar Fanon was born on the Caribbean island of Martinique. He was an Afro Caribbean author, psychiatrist, and political philosopher. *Frantz Fanon was born on this date in 1925.
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